The introduction of genetically modified (GM) crops does not only pose considerable risks to the environment and human health; but based on literature, there are debates involving contested ethical values and widespread scientific uncertainty of GM crops. Malaysia has established regulatory measures to ensure that the development of modern biotechnology, and more specifically of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), takes place in safe conditions. Various policies are relevant and applicable to GM crops. GM technology is recognised as one of the mechanisms to ensure food security in a sustainable industry through the National Agro-Food Policy for 2011-2020. As a signatory to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, Malaysia has established regulatory measures to ensure that the development of modern biotechnology, and more specifically of GMOs, takes place in safe conditions. Nevertheless, the regulatory measures may not serve well to address and protect bioethical issues relating to farmers’ rights specifically rights to livelihood arising from GM crops in Malaysia. There is still room for improvement in the regulatory measures especially on the bioethical issues relating to farmers’ rights evident from the subsequent analysis. Therefore, this research is pertinent because it investigates the adequacy of the existing regulatory measures in protecting farmers’ rights arising from GM crops in Malaysia as well as the bioethical issues in respect of farmer’s rights arising from GM crops. This research applies doctrinal and non-doctrinal approaches, which the findings discover that the existing regulatory frameworks do not adequately address the bioethical issues of farmers’ rights protection.
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In-Text Citation: (Idris et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: Idris, S. H., Manab, S. N. A., Zain, F. M., Zulkipli, Z. N., Jayabalan, S., Oon, J. C. C., Ariffin, R., & Rodiyah. (2022). Genetically Modified (Gm) Crops and Ethical Issues: Protection of Farmers’ Rights. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(11), 2241– 2249.
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