International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

search-icon

The Effect of Age on Personal Income Tax Compliance: A Case of Youth in Malaysia

Open access
This paper aims to examine age factor and its effects on personal income tax compliance in Malaysia. A quantitative approach utilising secondary data obtained from Inland Revenue Board Malaysia and Malaysian Department of Statistics, from the years 2002 to 2017 were used to generate the results, with validated secondary data that consist of individual income tax revenue and the youth age between 15 to 39 years old. All proposed hypotheses were tested using the EViews software. The study proposed five hypotheses and the data supported most of them with a significant of 5%. Results from the study indicate that age between 15 to 19 years old and 30 to 34 years old have negative effect on personal income tax compliance. However, age between 20 to 29 years old have contributed to a positive effect on the personal income tax revenue. While age between 35 to 39 years old was insignificant to individual income tax revenue in the context of Malaysia. Several theoretical and practical indications, as well as limitations of the study for future research, have been outlined.
Abdul, M. (2003). Income tax non-compliance in Malaysia. Prentice Hall.
Ahmed, Q. M., & Hussain, M. H. (2006). Estimating the black economy through monetary approach: a case study of Pakistan. Economic Issues.
Aitken, S., and Bonneville, L. (1980), A general taxpayer opinion survey, Washington, DC: Internal Revenue Service
Blomquist, S., & Micheletto, L. (2008). Age?related optimal income taxation. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 110(1), 45-71.
Chan, C. W., Troutman, C. S., & O’Bryan, D. (2000). An expanded model of taxpayer compliance: Empirical evidence from the United States and Hong Kong. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 9(2), 83-103.
Chau, K. K. G., & Leung, P. (2009). A critical review of Fischer tax compliance model: A research synthesis
Chiumya, C. (2006). Counteracting tax evasion in Malawi: An analysis of the methods and a quest for improvement.
Goczek, ?., Witkowska, E., & Witkowski, B. (2021). How Does Education Quality Affect Economic Growth? Sustainability, 13(11), 6437.
Grasmick, H. G., Bursik, R. J., and Cochran, J. K. (1991), ‘“Render unto Caesar what is Caesar’s”: religiosity and taxpayers ‘inclinations to cheat’, Sociological Quarterly, 32, 251–66.
IMF. (2021) Virtual Training to Advance Revenue Administration - Strategic Management Module.
Income Tax Act Malaysia 1967.
Jackson, B. R., and Jones, S. (1985), ‘Salience of tax evasion penalties versus detection risk’, Journal of the American Taxation Association, 6, 7–17.
Karabarbounis, M. (2016). A road map for efficiently taxing heterogeneous agents. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 8(2), 182-214.
Malay Mail. (2019). Dewan Negara passes Amendment Bill to reduce youth age cap to 30. Retrieved from https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2019/07/24/dewan-negara-passes-amendment-bill-to-reduce-youth-age-cap-to-30/1774495
Marquez-Ramos, L., & Mourelle, E. (2019). Education and economic growth: an empirical analysis of nonlinearities. Applied Economic Analysis.
Parliament of Malaysia. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.parlimen.gov.my/bills-dewan-rakyat.html?&uweb=dr&lang=en&arkib=yes
Spicer, M. W. (1974), ‘A behavioral model of income tax evasion’, dissertation, Ohio State University.
The Malaysian Reserve (2019), retrieved from
https://themalaysianreserve.com/2019/07/04/dewan-rakyat-passes-bill-to-limit-youth-age-to-30/
Tittle, C. (1980), Sanctions and Social Deviance: the Question of Deterence, New York: Praeger.
Torgler, B. (2006). The importance of faith: Tax morale and religiosity. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 61(1), 81-109.
Torgler, B. (2007). Tax compliance and tax morale: A theoretical and empirical analysis. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Vogel, J. (1974), Taxation and public opinion in Sweden: an interpretation of recent survey data, National Tax Journal, 27, 499–513.
In-Text Citation: (That et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: That, O. Y., Hui, J. N. L., & Hiung, A. L. C. (2022). The Effect of Age on Personal Income Tax Compliance: A Case of Youth in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. 12(13), 1-20.