In modern research, economic poverty is recognized as a factor associated with adverse effects on children's development and affecting it directly or indirectly in various ways, which may later lead to worse outcomes in adult life. Pearson in her speech: "Lessons from the longest study on human development", mentions the important findings of long-term research on the consequences of poverty on children's development. The present study, using these findings as a trigger, first approaches the concept of poverty and then describes its effects on both the cognitive development and the school performance of early childhood children. In addition, it investigates the role of parental involvement as a protective factor in dealing with the adverse effects it causes.
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