International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development

search-icon

Academic Resilience among Malaysian Secondary School Students: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Open access

Rose Manisah Sulong, Nor Aniza Ahmad, Norlizah Che Hassan, Zaida Nor Zainudin, Maimunah Ismail

Pages 550-565 Received: 10 Oct, 2019 Revised: 29 Oct, 2019 Published Online: 30 Nov, 2019

http://dx.doi.org/10.46886/IJARPED/v8-i4/6618
Academic resilience refers to the ability of students to maintain motivation and achieve success in academics despite the presence of risk factors that put themselves at risk for failing and dropping out (Benard, 1991; Alva, 1991; Gonzalez & Padilla, 1997; Finn & Rock, 1997). Hence, studying and understanding the factors that make these students successful is important in helping them improve their academic performance. The purpose of the study is to validate the measurement model based on Resilience Theory (Benard, 1991). The proposed measurement model comprises three constructs, namely school external protective factors, resilience traits and academic achievement. This study involved a total of 315 secondary school students in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The findings show that the proposed measurement model fits the survey data. Therefore, through the actual data, the measurement model can be used to confirm the Resilience Theory.
Achour, M., & Nor, M. R. M. (2014). The effects of social support and resilience on life satisfaction of secondary school students. Journal of academic and applied studies, 4(1), 12-20.
Afthanorhan, W. M. A. B. W. (2013). A comparison of partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and covariance based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) for confirmatory factor analysis. International Journal of Engineering Science and Innovative Technology, 2(5), 198-205.
Alva, S. A. (1991). Academic invulnerability among Mexican-American students: The importance of protective resources and appraisals. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 13(1), 18-34. doi:10.1177/1056492611432802.
Awang, Z. (2012). Reseach methodology and data analysis. Penerbit Universiti Teknologi MARA Press.
Awang, Z. (2015). SEM made simple: A gentle approach to learning Structural Equation Modeling. MPWS Rich Publication.
Baleghi-Zadeh, S., Ayub, A. F. M., Mahmud, R., & Daud. S. M. (2014). Behavior intention to use of learning management system among Malaysian pre-service teachers: A confirmatory factor analysis. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies, 2(1), 29-39.
Banatao, E. J. (2011). Educational Resilience: The Relationship between School Protective Factors and Student Achievement (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). San Diego State University, California.
Benard, B. (1991). Fostering resiliency in kids: Protective factors in the family, school, and community.
Benard, B. (2004). Resiliency What We Have Learned. WestEd.
Bentler, P. M. & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin. 88: 588-606.
Bentler, P.M. (1990). Comparative fit Indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin. 107: 238-246.
Brown, M., Cudeck, R. (1993). EQS structural equations program manual. Los Angeles: Multivariate Software Inc.
Bryant, F. B., & Yarnold, P. R. (1995). Principal-components analysis and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. In L. G. Grimm & P. R. Yarnold (Eds.), Reading and understanding multivariate statistics (pp. 99-136). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
Bryman, A. (2004). Social Research Methods (2nd ed.). United State of America: Oxford University Press.
Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: basic concepts, applications, and programming (multivariate applications series). New York: Taylor & Francis Group, 396, 7384.
Demir, D. K., & Kalender, I. (2014). Teacher and School-Related Factors that Promote Achievement Differences among Students with Lower Socioeconomic Status. The International Journal of Research in Teacher Education, 5(3), 1-11.
Emmanuel, A. O., Adom, A. E., & Solomon, F. K. (2014). Perceived stress and academic performance of high school students in Western region, Ghana. European Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 2(11), 88-101.
Finn, J. D., & Rock, D. A. (1997). Academic success among students at risk for school failure. Journal of applied psychology, 82(2), 221 –234. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.82.2.221.
Ghadi, I., Alwi, N. H., Bakar, K. A., & Talib, O. (2012). Construct Validity Examination of Critical Thinking Dispositions for Undergraduate Students in University Putra Malaysia. Higher Education Studies, 2(2), 138-145.
Gizir, C. A., & Aydin, G. (2009). Protective factors contributing to the academic resilience of students living in poverty in Turkey. Professional School Counseling, 13(1), 2156759X0901300103.
Gonzales, R., & Padilla, A. M. (1997). The Academic resilience of Mexican American high school students. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 19(3), 301-317. doi:10.1177/07399863970193004
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Hair, J. F., Gabriel, M., & Patel, V. (2014). AMOS covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM): Guidelines on
In-Text Citation: (Sulong et al, 2019)
To Cite this Article: Sulong, R. M., Ahmad, N. A., Hassan, N. C., Zainudin, Z. N., Ismail, I. (2019). Academic Resilience among Malaysian Secondary School Students: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 8(4), 550–565.