This study examines the relationship between eating habits, obesity, and cardiovascular endurance among primary school children in Penang, Malaysia. A total of 400 respondents were selected using systematic sampling. Data collection included a validated eating habits questionnaire, Body Mass Index (BMI) measurements, and the step test. Data were analysed using SPSS Version 27 with descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation (p < .05). Results indicated a significant positive relationship between unhealthy eating habits and obesity (r = .412, p < .05), and a significant negative relationship between obesity and cardiovascular endurance (r = –.365, p < .05). Eating habits also showed a weak but significant relationship with cardiovascular endurance (r = .198, p < .05). The findings highlight the importance of healthy dietary practices in improving children’s physical fitness and reducing obesity risk.
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Linggam, V., Elumalai, G., Sankaravel, M., & Moganan, H. (2026). The Relationship between Eating Habits, Obesity And Cardiovascular Endurance among Primary School Children in Penang. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 15(3), 121-128.
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