Specialized analysts put a special emphasis on the significant role that fiscal policy lies within macroeconomic policies. Analytical assumption from which I started is that the room for maneuver available to operate fiscal policy as a macroeconomic stabilizer vector turns out to be limited by the threshold of budget deficit. Experts reiterates that, in recent decades, the budget deficit has become a feature of national economies, observing a worrying increase of this indicator. The point on which I intend to reflect in this paper is that the budget deficit taken itself, is not a sufficient and relevant indicator for assessing the sustainability of fiscal policy. It is increasingly clear that a way of separating the effects determined by the changes in discretionary economic policy from the effects of the business cycle is to determine the structural budget deficit. The importance of this indicator is derived from the fact that allows to obtain a clean view on the tax situation of an economy, undistorted by the influence of the economic cycle.
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